Plant maintenance and management methods include the following aspects:

Watering: Water is a fundamental component of plants, maintaining cell turgidity to keep branches upright, leaves spread out, and flowers full, erect, and vibrant. It enables garden plants to fully exhibit their ornamental value and greening functions. If soil moisture is insufficient, above-ground growth halts. When soil water content drops below 7%, root growth ceases, and due to increased soil concentration, root exosmosis occurs, leading to dehydration and death. The same plant species has varying water requirements during different growth stages throughout the year. In early spring, water needs are low as plants sprout. During the peak growth period of branches and leaves, water demand increases. The flower bud differentiation and blooming stages require more water, and the fruiting stage also demands ample moisture.

Fertilization: Based on the nutrient needs of plants and soil conditions, select appropriate types and ratios of fertilizers. Choose fertilizers wisely, apply them in suitable amounts, and avoid overuse to prevent soil pollution and abnormal plant growth.

Pruning: Regularly prune garden plants to maintain a tidy shape and promote healthy growth. Depending on the plant species and desired form, select suitable pruning methods such as thinning, heading back, or shaping. Pay attention to the timing of pruning.

Pest and Disease Control: Prioritize prevention, adopt integrated management, and ensure environmental safety. Regularly monitor for pests and diseases, promptly identify and address issues to prevent outbreaks. Utilize biological agents like natural predators, parasitic insects, and pathogenic microorganisms to control pest populations and reproduction. Employ physical methods such as light traps, color traps, and pheromone traps to reduce pest occurrences. Use chemical pesticides to quickly eliminate pests and diseases and prevent their spread and damage.

Light Management: Arrange plant positions according to their light requirements, avoiding excessive shading or exposure.

Temperature and Humidity Management: Ensure plants grow under suitable temperature and humidity conditions, avoiding harm from excessively high or low levels.

Soil Management: Regularly test soil pH, fertility, and moisture content to ensure plants thrive in a healthy soil environment.

The above are the main methods of plant maintenance and management. It is important to note that different plants may have varying maintenance needs, so strategies should be adjusted based on specific circumstances in practice.