Alias: Caustic soda, sodium hydroxide, lye, caustic soda.
English name: Sodium hydroxide
Chemical name: Sodium hydroxide
Molecular formula: NaOH
Molecular weight: 40.00
CASRN: 1310-73-2
The pure product is a colorless transparent liquid. Relative density 2.130, melting point 318.4°C, boiling point 1390°C. Commercial sodium hydroxide comes in two forms: solid and liquid. Pure solid sodium hydroxide is white, appearing in flakes, blocks, granules, and rods, and is brittle; pure liquid sodium hydroxide is called liquid caustic soda and is a colorless transparent liquid. Industrial products often contain impurities, mainly sodium chloride and sodium carbonate, and sometimes small amounts of iron oxide.
Liquid caustic soda comes in two forms: solid and liquid. Pure solid sodium hydroxide is white, appearing in blocks, flakes, rods, and granules, and is brittle; pure liquid sodium hydroxide is a colorless transparent liquid. Sodium hydroxide is also easily soluble in ethanol and glycerol; but insoluble in ether, acetone, and liquid ammonia. Sodium hydroxide, also known as lye or caustic soda, has the general molecular formula NaOH and is highly corrosive to metal substrates.
It is an important basic raw material in the chemical industry with extremely wide applications. In the chemical industry, it is used to produce formic acid, oxalic acid, borax, phenol, sodium cyanide, soap, synthetic fatty acids, synthetic detergents, textile printing and dyeing, and smelting industries. Additionally, it is widely used in enamel, medicine, cosmetics, leather tanning, coatings, pesticides, glass, and other industries.