Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) Regulatory Testing Services
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- Contact: 佳譽
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POPs Regulation
1. Introduction to POPs Regulation
POPs is the abbreviation for Persistent Organic Pollutants. These are natural or synthetic organic substances that exhibit environmental persistence, bioaccumulation, long-range transport potential, and potential toxicity. They are difficult to degrade in the environment, can bioaccumulate, and can undergo long-range transboundary transport through air, water, and migratory species, depositing in regions far from their emission sources. They can accumulate in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, causing impacts on the environment and organisms.
In 2004, the European Union promulgated the Persistent Organic Pollutants Regulation (POPs Regulation) (EC) No 850/2004, which introduced specific control measures for the use of POPs within the EU. Since then, the EU has revised the POPs Regulation multiple times, incorporating various persistent organic pollutants commonly used in industrial and consumer goods sectors, many of which are widely applied in the electronics and electrical industry. On June 25, 2019, the EU issued the new POPs Regulation (EU) 2019/1021, which officially came into effect on July 15, 2019, replacing the former Regulation (EC) No 850/2004.
2. Hazards of POPs
(1) Impact on birth weight in children: May reduce birth weight in human infants, cause developmental delays, skeletal development disorders, and metabolic disturbances, which can affect individuals throughout their lives.
(2) Effects on the nervous system: Attention disorders and suppression of the immune system.
(3) Hazards to the reproductive system: Also have potential impacts on the human endocrine system, leading to testicular cancer in men, reduced sperm count, reproductive abnormalities, and skewed sex ratios in newborns. In women, they may cause breast cancer and early puberty. These effects not only harm individuals but also cause permanent impacts on their offspring.
(4) Influence on cancer.
3. Regulatory Annexes
The EU POPs Regulation consists of five annexes, which are:
Annex I List of prohibited substances
Annex II List of restricted substances
Annex III List of substances for emission reduction
Annex IV List of substances under waste management provisions in Article 7
Annex V Waste management
4. Scope of Control
Includes various products such as chemical products, electronic and electrical products, toys, automobiles, textiles, furniture, etc.
5. Controlled Substances
Substance Name | Limit Requirements | Common Applications |
Aldrin, Chlordane, DDT, Dieldrin, Endrin, Heptachlor, Endosulfan, Toxaphene, Hexachlorocyclohexanes (including lindane), Chlordecone, Mirex, Dicofol | Prohibited | Pesticides |
Pentachlorobenzene | Prohibited | · Dye carrier · Fungicide · Flame retardant |
Hexa-BB | Prohibited | Flame retardant |
Polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCN) | Prohibited | · Wood preservative · Additive in paints and machine lubricants · Used as insulation in cables and capacitors |
Hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD) | Prohibited | Fungicide |
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) | Prohibited | · Heat transfer fluid in transformers and capacitors · Carbonless copy paper · Additive in sealants and plastics |
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) | Prohibited | Fungicide |
and its salts and esters | ≤5 mg/kg in substances, mixtures, and articles | Flame retardant |
Deca-BDE | · ≤10 ppm in substances · Sum of Tetra-BDE, Penta-BDE, Hexa-BDE, Hepta-BDE, and Deca-BDE in mixtures and articles must not exceed 500 mg/kg Excluding products under RoHS control | Flame retardant |
Tetra-BDE | Flame retardant | |
Penta-BDE | Flame retardant | |
Hexa-BDE | Preservative and mildew inhibitor | |
Hepta-BDE | Flame retardant | |
HBCDD | Concentration in substances, mixtures, and articles must not exceed 100 mg/kg | Flame retardant |
Short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) | · Mixtures: 1% · Articles: 1500 ppm | · Metalworking fluids · Sealants · Flame retardant in plastics and textiles · Leather processing · Paints and coatings |
PFOS and its derivatives Including polymeric metal salts, halides, amides, or other derivatives | · Mixtures ≤ 10 ppm · Articles ≤ 1000 ppm · Textiles or coated materials ≤1 μg/m2 | Anti-fouling, anti-oil, and waterproofing agents |
PFOA, its salts, and PFOA-related substances | In substances, mixtures, or articles: · PFOA and its salts ≤ 0.025 mg/kg · PFOA-related substances ≤ 1 mg/kg | Anti-fouling, anti-oil, and waterproofing agents |
6. Which POPs substances should electronic products focus on?
For electronic products such as mobile phones, computers, and televisions that do not involve the use of natural materials, it is essential to focus on the risk of flame-retardant components like casings, wires, and PCBs containing HBCDD and SCCP. For non-metallic materials, especially fluoropolymer materials, there is a risk of containing PFOS, PFOA, its salts, and PFOA-related substances.
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